The winner of the physics prize in recent ten years and its main achievements

In 2011, the Pal Matt prize in physics was announced. Saul Perlmutter, Brian P. Schmidt and American scientist Ries (Adam G. Riess) won the prize.
The three physicists won the 2011 prize in physics for supernova research.
Laureate in physics in recent ten years and its main achievements
The winners of the 2010 Physics Prize were the British scientist Andre Haim and Novo Seaan Love. They made graphene materials in 2004. Graphene is the thinnest of the known materials. It is generally believed that it will eventually replace silicon, thus triggering a new revolution in the electronics industry.
The winners of the 2009 Physics Prize were Kao Kun, a British Chinese scientist, and Willard Boyle and George Smith, American scientists. Gao Kao's award was a breakthrough in the "transmission of light in fiber for optical communications", and the main achievement of the two American scientists was the invention of semiconductor imaging device charge coupled device (CCD) image sensor.
The winners of the 2008 physics prize were American scientist Minabe Youichiro and Japanese scientist Xiao Lin Cheng and Masukawa Minying. Minabe Youichiro's contribution is to discover the mechanism of spontaneous symmetry breaking in sub atomic physics, and the contribution of Xiao Lin Cheng and Masukawa Minying is the discovery of the origin of symmetry breaking.
In 2007, French scientist Albert Phil and German scientist John H. H. were awarded the physics prize for discovering the giant magnetoresistance effect.
In 2006, American scientists John Mather and George Smoot won prizes for finding the blackbody form and anisotropy of cosmic microwave background radiation.
In 2005, American scientists Roy Glabuber, John Hall and German scientist Theodor WHaensch won the prize for their contributions to the quantum theory of optical coherence and the development of laser based precision spectroscopy.
In 2004, the physics prize was assigned to American scientist David Gross, David Police and Frank Weil chuck. They discovered the asymptotic free phenomenon in the theory of strong interaction between particles.
In 2003, Alexei Abrikosov, a scientist with dual nationality in Russia and the United States, Russian scientist King Ginzburg and Anthony Leggett, a scientist with dual nationality in the United Kingdom and the United States, won the prize for his pioneering contribution to the theory of superconductors and superfluids.
In 2002, American scientist Raymond Davis, Japanese scientist Koshiba Changjun and American scientist Riccardo Giacconi won the prize in physics. They made pioneering contributions in astrophysics, including the achievements in the exploration of cosmic neutrino and the discovery of cosmic X ray sources.
In 2001, American scientists, Karl Wayman, and German scientist Peter C. crane shared the prize in physics. According to Bose theory, they discovered a new state of matter, Bose condensation of alkali metal atoms.
About the award
The prize was named after Alfred Bernhard Nobel, a famous Swedish chemist and inventor of nitroglycerin explosives. Born in Sweden in 1833, he devoted his life to the research of explosives and made great achievements. In his lifetime, he obtained 355 patents for technological invention, and opened about 100 companies and factories in 20 countries, and accumulated huge wealth.
However, I am shocked and sorry for the destruction of my invention. In December 10, 1896, he died. In the year before his death, he left his will and put some of his heritage as a fund, and awarded 5 prizes of physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and peace with his interest, and awarded people who made great contributions to mankind in these fields.
In 1900, the Swedish government approved the establishment of the foundation, and the first prize was awarded the following year.
In 1968, the Central Bank of Sweden decided to provide funds and build up the economics prize at the time of CCB 300th anniversary. The award was awarded in 1969.
The prize in physics, chemistry, and later economics was assessed by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. The prize in physiology or medicine was assessed by Swedish judges. The prize was awarded by the Swedish Academy and the peace prize was elected by the parliament. The Swedish peace prize was awarded to the parliament as a result of the fact that when the Testament was made, the Swedish and the Confederate belong to one Federation and the Council implemented a more pragmatic peace policy. Each awarding unit has a committee composed of 5 members, which is responsible for the selection of the Committee. The term of office of the committee is three years. In addition to announcing the names of the winners, the list of candidates will not be disclosed in 50 years.
The winners can receive gold medals, certificates and bonus checks. The amount of the bonus depends on the income of the foundation, and it keeps rising from the initial $30 thousand to about $75 thousand in 1960s, up to $220 thousand in 80s, and over 1 million dollars in recent years.
According to tradition, the awards ceremony is held on December 10th, the anniversary of the death of all the winners of the awards. In addition to the peace prize awarded in the capital city, other awards were presented at the awards. The awarding ceremony is grand and simple. The attendance is limited to 1500 to 1800 people a year. Men wear tuxedo or national costumes, ladies wear serious evening gowns. The white flowers and yellow flowers used in the ceremony must be shipped from St. Mary's, which died in the city.