To control the diet, to increase the amount of exercise, how do diabetic patients ensure a balanced diet?
Eating and drinking for people with diabetes is a common topic. But how to control, many people can not answer, even the old sugar-sweetened sugar-smelling friends may only sum up a general sentence: eat less and eat more, strictly control sugar.
How much more is this "more" and "less"?
What is the goal of diabetes diet control?
Mediterranean diet, low-carbohydrate diet, low-fat diet, and even vegetarian diet are the common dietary structures of diabetic patients. They have certain help for the prevention and treatment of diabetes, but not for everyone. The goal of diet control is not only to control sugar, but also to help patients maintain a healthy weight, maintain ideal blood sugar levels, ensure the balance of various nutrients, and minimize complications, especially cardiovascular related diseases. risk. These conditions can be achieved without a set of solutions.
Modern medical care, more and more diseases pay attention to individualized diagnosis and treatment , and diabetic patients, because of age, weight, and living habits, etc., there is a big difference between each person, more need to "different from person to person" Even at different times of the same patient, treatment options are likely to change.
In China's guidelines for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes, recommendations have also been made on this point. For such patients, they should receive standardized, individualized nutrition treatment as soon as possible, and through the guidance of professionals, according to their own situation and dietary preferences, rationally adjust the total energy intake, match the dietary structure, and set reasonable treatment. aims.
Diabetes diet control is a long-term process that takes into account nutrition and dietary preferences in order to maximize the health of the patient.
Low carbohydrate, low fat, high protein? How should the ingredients be distributed?
The guide recommends that the daily intake of carbohydrates by sugar friends should account for 50% to 65% of the total energy . This value has been improved for earlier versions of the guide. Recently, the authoritative medical journal "Lancet" published a study that subverted our previous perceptions. Studies have shown that a low-carbohydrate diet can lead to a four-year shorter life expectancy.
Therefore, when sugar friends control diet, do not blindly “reduce”, and must control the intake within the “appropriate” range. Moreover, for sugar users, the right amount of sugar has the effect of improving glucose tolerance, and can help the organization to improve the sensitivity to insulin.
Many people with diabetes, or those who are losing weight, choose to increase their protein intake instead of carbohydrates as a primary source of energy. However, the study suggests that the replacement of animal proteins is associated with an increased risk of death . Conversely, substitution with plant proteins can reduce the risk of death.
The guidelines suggest that protein should consume 15% to 20% of total energy per day and reduce the need for high-quality protein (mainly from animal protein) , from the original "more than 1/2 of total protein" to 1/3 .
There is a certain relationship between "three highs", and diabetic patients have requirements for weight control, so the intake of fat should not be excessive. The recommended amount for the guide is 20% to 30% per day, and it is recommended not to consume too much cholesterol .
In addition, alcohol intake must be strictly controlled. In theory, people with diabetes are not recommended to drink alcohol. However, for people who want alcohol or occasions, they must drink alcohol. It should be noted that the daily drinking amount should not exceed 15g . It is equivalent to about 45mL of low-alcohol, 150mL of wine, and 350mL of beer. It should also be noted that alcohol has the risk of causing hypoglycemia and avoid drinking on an empty stomach.
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